Data Plane Technologies for Load Balancer


LB has many features

These features are supported by data plane technologies

data plane has many technologies, including open source. 

1. eBPF : 

2. VPP

- L2-L4 n/w

- graph based network

- fast lookup

DPDK : 

- latency reduce by bypassing kernel space

- large page and pool.

1. eBPF - XDP model

2. VPP-DPDK model




KubeCon 2024 India. Keynotes


Announcement
=========
  • Upcoming KCDs

1. April, 2025 at  Chennai

2. June, 2025 at  Bangalore

  • Kubestronaut : Takeoffs begin in 2025. In this announcement, India's map was incorrect. 

  • Upcoming KubeCon and CloudNativeCon

Hydrabad August 6 to 7 , 2025

LF Networking will be launched in phase 1 under LF India

=============================================================

Takeaway points : Flipkart

Ambient proxy is better. Sidecar cannot scale as per pod's TPS, Fan out etc. 

For PaaS Controller is better than Helm to deploy

=============================================================

Takeaway points : 

  • K8s is everywhere
  • Nothing is complete with AI
  • Starching the limits of K8s

=============================================================

2013 Docker: Now developer cannot say: "It works on my machine"
2014 K8s:
2015 K8s Declarative model
Great power comes with great responsibility
2016 tools : Prometheus, Istio, Helm, Argo CICD
2017 Cloud based managed K8s
2018 Observability
2019 Serverless
2020 Multicloud 
2021 Software Supply Chain, CICD, SBM like Zynga game
2022 AI : Kubeflow
2023 Platform Engineering. 
2024 WA, eBPF and ....
2025 Tackle Complexity and cost

Cloud Native Complexity 
Linux moment of K8s. Linux is complex. But we do not face issues like K8s
Backstage : Internal development platform: declarative, automation, extendable 

Cost 
OpenCost : Data driven ruthless optimization 
Cluster Autoscaler (CA)'s Priority Expander : It creates scaling group based on priority
Karpenter : Which node, how many and what size node to be added

eBPF


  1.  eBPF programme in C, Rust or other programming languages. 
  2. Compiler converts it to bytecode (obj file)
  3. Application pass this OBJ to kernel using  eBPF library
  4. Kernel verifies it
  5. When event happens the program runs


  1.  eBPF programme in C, Rust or other programming languages. 
  2. Compiler converts it to bytecode (obj file)
  3. Application pass this OBJ to kernel using  eBPF library
  4. Kernel verifies it
  5. JIT compiler converts byte code to machine code
  6. When event happens the program runs

  1.  eBPF programme in C, Rust or other programming languages. 
  2. Compiler converts it to bytecode (obj file)
  3. Application pass this OBJ to kernel using  eBPF library
  4. Kernel verifies it
  5. JIT compiler converts byte code to machine code
  6. When event happens the program runs
  7. Multiple eBPF programs can access eBPF map at Kernel space
    1. Userspace App load config to map
    2. eBPF program pull config from map
    3. eBPF program sends metrics to map
    4. eBPF program stores/retrieve data from/to map
    5. eBPF map can store state in eBPF program
Different types of map
  • BPF_TABLE
  • BPF_HASH
  • BPF_ARRAY
  • BPF_HISTOGRAM
  • BPF_PERF_ARRAY
  1.  eBPF programme in C, Rust or other programming languages. 
  2. Compiler converts it to bytecode (obj file)
  3. Application pass this OBJ to kernel using  eBPF library
  4. Kernel verifies it
  5. JIT compiler converts byte code to machine code
  6. When event happens the program runs
  7. Multiple eBPF programs can access eBPF map at Kernel space
    1. Userspace App load config to map
    2. eBPF program pull config from map
    3. eBPF program sends metrics to map
    4. eBPF program stores/retrieve data from/to map
    5. eBPF map can store state in eBPF program
Different types of map
  • BPF_TABLE
  • BPF_HASH
  • BPF_ARRAY
  • BPF_HISTOGRAM
  • BPF_PERF_ARRAY
  1. eBPF program can call Kernel function (eBPF helper) 

UseCases

* Networking
- side car container networking by Cilium CNI

* Performance / Tracing (observability) 
- Hubble Network, Service & Security Observability for Kubernetes GitHub - cilium/hubble: Hubble - Network, Service & Security Observability for Kubernetes using eBPF

* Security examples along with Linux Security Modules (LSM)
- Falco http://layers7.blogspot.com/2021/12/7-workload-considerations-falco.html 
- Tetragon https://tetragon.io/
- Tracee https://layers7.blogspot.com/2021/11/7-workload-considerations-tracee.html


eBPF "Compile Once — Run Everywhere" (CO-RE) leverages BPF Type Format (BTF) : portable programs acorss kernel versions. 


Reference:


Other References:








Sanskrut - Notes


Sanskrit Learning. 

Alphabet 

42 = 9 vowels + 33 consonants 

9 vowels = 5 short + 8 long + 9 PLUT (3 MAATRA)

33 consonants = 5 * 5 + 8

= [AGHOSH 2 * 5 + 3 S = 13 ] + [3 * 5 + 5 = 20 GHOSH]

=================================================================

Similar words

सलिल (n) = waves, surge, rain, सलील = with play

चिर = long, चीर (m,n) = cloth

कूल (n) = slop, pond, bank , कुल (n) = family

वराङ्गना = beautiful / excellent woman , वाराङ्गना = brave woman

दिन = day , दीन = poor

गिरीश = mountain lord , गिरिश = inhabiting mountains

सुत = son , सूत = driver

=================================================================

Vocabulary

किङ्करः = servant 

कर्दमः = mud

मरालः = swan

अङ्गणम् = courtyard

पुरीषम् = output stool 

ऊर्जः = energy

उपोषणम् = fast 

दशनम् = tooth

चत्वरम् = CHORO

हर्म्यम् = HAVELI

उपवीतम् = JANOI

कलत्रम् = wife

नीराजनम् = AARATI

बलिवर्द (m) = ox

एजति = vibrate 

कन्था = GODADI, mattress

रथ्या = street

शिबिका = palanquin

प्रभवः = origin, source, birth

निदाध = summer 

अद्भुत = wonderful

सितम् = white, असितम् = black

शारम् , कर्बुरम् = zibra color

कपिशम् = KHAKHI

हृष्टम् =  happy

कृत्स्नम् = complete 

पीवरम् , पीनम् = fat

वदान्यम् = generous 

सव्यम् = left

स्थविरम् = immobile, big

करालम् = terrible 

वायस (m) = crow

=================================================================

SANDHI 1

र् ऋ ॠ ष् + न = र् ऋ ॠ ष् + ण 

र् ऋ ॠ ष् + ह य व कु पु [१+] + न  = र् ऋ ॠ ष् + ह य व कु पु [१+] + ण 

=================================================================

SANDHI 2

1st char becomes 3rd with vowel and GHOSH consonant  

=================================================================

Verb 1

उपधा = second last character 

गुण 

इ -> ए 

उ -> ओ 

ऋ -> अर्

लृ -> अल्

In verb, we shall change as per उपधा and गुण 

चेतति know

मेहति sprinkle, watering (to plant)

वेषति sprinkle, watering (to plant)

सेधति go, call

क्रोशति cry OR AAHVAAN

बोधति inform, tell, E.g. narrate god stories 

रोहति = grow E.g. flowers, plant, seeds etc

Above rules are also for अन प्रत्यय 

चित् - चेतन 
कृष् - कर्षण 
पुष् - पोषण 
घृष् - घर्षण 

=================================================================
Verb 2

घर्षति = rub

व्रजति = walk, travel, move, proceed 

जल्पति = speak inarticulately, नदति = ambiguous speak 

गदति = clear speak

अवति = protect

=================================================================

Verb 3 गुण सन्धि 

इ -> ए + अ = अय् e.g. क्षि = क्षयति, जि = जयति 

उ -> ओ + अ = अव् e.g. द्रु = द्रवति , भू = भवति , स्त्रु = स्त्रवति 

ऋ -> अर् + अ =अर e.g. स्मृ = स्मरति, तॄ = तरति , सृ = सरति , स्वृ = स्वरति 

लृ -> अल् + अ = अल 

ए  + अ = अय 

ऐ + अ = आय e.g. गै = गायति , ग्लै = ग्लायति , गै = गायति , ध्यै = ध्यायति , म्लै = म्लायति (fade, vanish, decay) 

ओ + अ = अव 

औ + अ = आव 

Above rules are also for अन प्रत्यय 

क्षि - क्षयण

जि - जयन

भू - भवन 

स्मृ - स्मरण 

ए , ऐ , ओ , औ changes to आ

गै - गान 

ध्यै - ध्यान 

=================================================================
Verb 4 आदेश 

गम् - गच्छ्

स्था  - तिष्ठ्

ॠ - ॠच्छ् (go, attain)

दा - याच्छ्

दृश् - पश्य्

ध्मा - धम्

ध्रा - जिघ्र्

म्ना - मन्

यम् - यच्छ् (control) 

दंश् - दश्

पा - पिब्

=================================================================
AVYAY

इदानीम् now तदानीम् at that time

आपरेद्युः = on the second day

इह = here

क्व = where (comparative) 

किन्तु = but

इत्थम् = like this way

अजस्त्रम् = continuous 

दिष्ट्या = fortunately 

सुष्ठु = nicely

Man Ki Bat (मनोगतम्) Episode 1


Sanskrit Learning. Key take away points

from Man Ki Bat (मनोगतम्) Episode 1


स्नानार्थम् उपयुज्यमानः प्रोच्छः Towel 

आस्तरणम् Bedsheet

उपधानम् Pillow

अपकर्षः Discount

अभिज्ञान​म् Recognition, Remembrance, Knowledge

सिंही Lioness 

शावक Yong child of an animal

मदीय My, Mine, My own (Adjective) 

चितः चिता चितम्  Selected, Chosen 

उत Or / Else

उत न  Or not

8th VIBHAKTI भ्रातः पितः कर्तः 

विधि लिंग 

शक्नुयात् शक्नुयाताम् शक्नुयुः 
शक्नुयाः शक्नुयातम् शक्नुयात
शक्नुयाम् शक्नुयाव शक्नुयाम

अवकर कंडोल: Dustbin

प्रतिशतमीटर्-परिमिते अंतरे Every 100 miter

औन्नत्यम् Height

निर्णीय  after deciding 

निमित्तक (Adjective) caused or occasioned or produced by

https://mycoaching.in/kri-ke-dhatu-roop

3rd October 2014